hard coal
solid coalModeled on DESNZ 'Coal (industrial)' (UK-context hard coal). DESNZ has no rank-based terms; its categories are functional (industrial/domestic/electricity-generation/coking), and the other three now ship as their own entries because their factors differ by up to 42% per tonne. No density is given by DESNZ (coal is sold by mass) → volume↔mass shows 'not available'. IPCC 2006 Other Bituminous Coal NCV 25.8 MJ/kg, CO2 94,600 kg/TJ. For anthracite/lignite specifically, use the dedicated rank-based entries (IPCC-sourced).
Typical ranges: IPCC 2006 'Other Bituminous Coal' NCV 25.8 MJ/kg (range 19.9–30.5); DESNZ's other coal categories differ (domestic 28.613, coking 30.24, electricity generation 23.826 GJ/tonne) and each ships as its own entry.
- Coal energy and emission factors vary widely by rank, region and moisture/ash content. This entry is the INDUSTRIAL grade, DESNZ 'Coal (industrial)' (UK context). Coal burned in a household stove ('coal (domestic)') emits about 21% more CO2e per tonne, and the coking and power-station grades differ again — check you are on the right one.
- No density is available (coal is sold by mass), so volume conversions are not available.
Easily confused with
Different products with different numbers. Check you are on the right one.
- coal (domestic) 2.90495234 kgCO2e/kg
- coking coal 3.16465002 kgCO2e/kg
- coal (electricity generation) 2.22522448 kgCO2e/kg
- lignite
- anthracite
Density
Not available.
Heating values
Emission factors
| Metric | Value | Scope | Region / year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂e | 2.39528994 kgCO2e/kg | direct combustion | UK · 2025 |
CO₂ ≠ CO₂e — separate metrics, never converted into one another. What these metrics mean →
Worked example
Open in converter →Conversion results
Energy
Same energy expressed in other units.
Mass
Emissions
CO₂ and CO₂e are separate — never derived from each other.
Energy density
Energy per unit of mass or volume.
Assumptions
- heating value basis: energy on LHV/NCV basis, 25.405 MJ/kg
- heating value basis: energy on HHV/GCV basis, 26.742 MJ/kg
Sources
Follow each source back to its primary document — that traceability is the point. How conversions work →